在一個超級古老的機器上mount 了一個nfs, 但是nfs server移除以後就沒有辦法 umount 這個目錄了
umount /backup
報錯如下：
nfs umount: /backup: is busy
怎麼辦呢？
google了一下，使用如下命令可以幹掉
Solaris 2.6 and Solaris 7: umount -o force /mount-point
試用了一下， 還是報錯
不過df -k的時候 發現已經很順暢了，感覺已經去掉了
當然還有另一種辦法
try following ...
unshare /backup
umount /backup
沒有測試過，等下次有機會測試一下
記錄一下備忘！
在測試環境中做一個一個RAC delete node的實驗記錄一下
環境是vmware
OS: OEL 5.2
DB: oracle 11gR1
http://docs.google.com/Doc?docid=0AbicX7azhQtmZGs3NzQ2Ml85NjBmbWMyZjRjZw&hl=en
發現一個有用的工具BBED,處理壞塊使用的， 根據網上提供的方法，自己做了一個實驗：
我的環境是openSolaris 其他的*nix也是類似
1，源文件在哪裡？
cd $ORACLE_HOME
oracle@opensolaris:/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1$ find . -name ins_rdbms.mk
./rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk
2,編譯：
oracle@opensolaris:/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed
Linking BBED utility (bbed)
rm -f /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed
/usr/ccs/bin/ld -64 -o /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/bbed -L/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ -L/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/ -dy /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/prod/lib/amd64/crti.o /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/prod/lib/amd64/crt1x.o /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/s0main.o /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o `cat /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lnsslb10 -lncrypt10 -lnsgr10 -lnzjs10 -ln10 -lnnz10 -lnl10 /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/defopt.o -ldbtools10 -lclntsh `cat /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lnsslb10 -lncrypt10 -lnsgr10 -lnzjs10 -ln10 -lnnz10 -lnl10 -lnro10 `cat /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lnsslb10 -lncrypt10 -lnsgr10 -lnzjs10 -ln10 -lnnz10 -lnl10 -lclient10 -lnnetd10 -lvsn10 -lcommon10 -lgeneric10 -lmm -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lxml10 -lcore10 -lunls10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lnls10 `cat /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lnsslb10 -lncrypt10 -lnsgr10 -lnzjs10 -ln10 -lnnz10 -lnl10 -lnro10 `cat /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/ldflags` -lnsslb10 -lncrypt10 -lnsgr10 -lnzjs10 -ln10 -lnnz10 -lnl10 -lclient10 -lnnetd10 -lvsn10 -lcommon10 -lgeneric10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lxml10 -lcore10 -lunls10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lnls10 -lclient10 -lnnetd10 -lvsn10 -lcommon10 -lgeneric10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lxml10 -lcore10 -lunls10 -lsnls10 -lnls10 -lcore10 -lnls10 `cat /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/sysliblist` -R /opt/SUNWcluster/lib:/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib:/opt/ORCLcluster/lib/ -Y P,:/opt/SUNWcluster/lib:/opt/ORCLcluster/lib/:/usr/ccs/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/amd64 -Qy -lc -lrt -laio -lposix4 -lkstat -lm /opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/lib/prod/lib/amd64/crtn.o
驗證一下：
oracle@opensolaris:/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib$ ls -al bbed
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 862016 2010-03-03 10:06 bbed
執行
oracle@opensolaris:/opt/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/rdbms/lib$ ./bbed
Password:（blockedit 為default password)
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Wed Mar 3 10:07:15 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED>
這個工具是內部人員使用的哦
BBED> help all
SET DBA [ dba | file#, block# ]
SET FILENAME 'filename'
SET FILE file#
SET BLOCK [+/-]block#
SET OFFSET [ [+/-]byte offset | symbol | *symbol ]
SET BLOCKSIZE bytes
SET LIST[FILE] 'filename'
SET WIDTH character_count
SET COUNT bytes_to_display
SET IBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET OBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET MODE [ BROWSE | EDIT ]
SET SPOOL [ Y | N ]
SHOW [ <SET parameter> | ALL ]
INFO
MAP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK ]
DUMP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK | OFFSET | COUNT ]
PRINT[/x|d|u|o|c] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
EXAMINE[/Nuf] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
</Nuf>:
N - a number which specifies a repeat count.
u - a letter which specifies a unit size:
b - b1, ub1 (byte)
h - b2, ub2 (half-word)
w - b4, ub4(word)
r - Oracle table/index row
f - a letter which specifies a display format:
x - hexadecimal
d - decimal
u - unsigned decimal
o - octal
c - character (native)
n - Oracle number
t - Oracle date
i - Oracle rowid
FIND[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string [ TOP | CURR ]
COPY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] TO [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
MODIFY[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string
[ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
ASSIGN[/x|d|u|o] <target spec>=<source spec>
<target spec> : [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
<source spec> : [ value | <target spec options> ]
SUM [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] [ APPLY ]
PUSH [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET ]
POP [ALL]
REVERT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
UNDO
HELP [ <bbed command> | ALL ]
VERIFY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
CORRUPT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
BBED>
記錄一下，備忘，繼續學習！
ref:
在xen上增加一個disk,當人是vritual的：）
[root@Mocktrade dev]# fdisk /dev/xvdb ＃ xvdb 難道xen下的disk都是xvdx嗎？
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4895.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-4895, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-4895, default 4895):
Using default value 4895
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/xvdb: 40.2 GB, 40265318400 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4895 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/xvdb1 1 4895 39319056 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@ dev]#
[root@ dev]#
[root@ dev]# mkfs
mkfs mkfs.cramfs mkfs.ext2 mkfs.ext3
[root@ dev]# mkfs.ext3 -b 4096 /dev/xvdb1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
4915200 inodes, 9829764 blocks
491488 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
300 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16384 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:
done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@ /]# df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda3 26306612 7741500 17207220 32% /
/dev/xvda1 101086 19708 76159 21% /boot
tmpfs 1572864 0 1572864 0% /dev/shm
[root@ /]# mkdir /u01
[root@/]# mount /dev/xvdb1 /u01
[root@ /]# cd /u01
[root@ u01]# touch reame.txt
[root@ u01]# ls
lost+found reame.txt
[root@ u01]# cd /etc
[root@ etc]# vi fstab
cat /etc/fstab
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
/dev/xvdb1 /u01 ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=SWAP-xvda2 swap swap defaults 0 0
[root@ etc]# df -lh
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda3 26G 7.4G 17G 32% /
/dev/xvda1 99M 20M 75M 21% /boot
tmpfs 1.5G 0 1.5G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvdb1 37G 177M 35G 1% /u01
[root@]#
reboot
記錄一下，備忘！
很早以前配置過一個mysql的replication, 跑的很好，突然客戶的mysql database replicaiton失效了
重新配置replication也無效
[crhk@_Slave bin]$ cat mysqld_slave.sh
#!/bin/sh
/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --skip-slave-start & [crhk@_Slave bin]$
------------------------------------slave---------------------------------- [root@_Slave bin]# ./mysqld_slave.sh [root@_Slave bin]# Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
[root@_Slave mysql]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.0.45-log Source distribution
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.
mysql> show slave status;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='A.B.C.D',
-> master_port=3306,
-> master_user='repl',
-> master_password='password',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000031',
-> master_log_pos=201937405;
ERROR 1201 (HY000): Could not initialize master info structure; more error messages can be found in the MySQL error log
mysql>
將同步所需文件全部刪除
rm /var/lib/mysql/relay-log.info
rm /var/lib/mysql/master.info
rm /var/run/mysqld/*
重新做，問題依然
只能跟蹤log了
。。。。
100301 22:26:38 mysqld started
100301 22:26:38 [Warning] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ignoring option '--innodb_file_per_table' due to invalid value 'ON'
100301 22:26:38 [Warning] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ignoring option '--innodb_file_per_table' due to invalid value 'ON'
100301 22:26:39 InnoDB: Database was not shut down normally!
InnoDB: Starting crash recovery.
InnoDB: Reading tablespace information from the .ibd files...
InnoDB: Restoring possible half-written data pages from the doublewrite
InnoDB: buffer...
100301 22:26:39 InnoDB: Starting log scan based on checkpoint at
InnoDB: log sequence number 8 2665319758.
InnoDB: Doing recovery: scanned up to log sequence number 8 2665319758
InnoDB: Last MySQL binlog file position 0 3092, file name /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin.000037
100301 22:26:39 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 8 2665319758
100301 22:26:39 [Note] /usr/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.0.45-log' socket: '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution
100301 22:27:47 [Note] Slave SQL thread initialized, starting replication in log 'mysql-bin.000037' at position 3268, relay log '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld-relay-bin.000001' position: 4
100301 22:27:47 [Note] Slave I/O thread: connected to master 'repl@172.16.12.29:3306', replication started in log 'mysql-bin.000037' at position 3268
100301 22:27:47 [ERROR] Slave: Error 'Table 'databasename.GuessFall' doesn't exist' on query. Default database: 'databasename'. Query: 'insert into GuessFall (GuessFallId,UserId,StockCode,State,StartPrice,EndPrice,CreateDate,StopDate) values ('ff52146c-81f6-4334-8920-ef3f059ff3e8','b27e0e77-9cf2-aa9b-e040-10ac0d0c2f1f', '02777', 0, -1, 0.000, '2010-03-01 22:14:40','2010-03-01 22:14:40')', Error_code: 1146
100301 22:27:47 [ERROR] Error running query, slave SQL thread aborted. Fix the problem, and restart the slave SQL thread with "SLAVE START". We stopped at log 'mysql-bin.000037' position 3268
。。。。
發現插入不了
這是開始懷疑master/slave 的配置問題不一致了
diff一下，果然，slave庫中少了
修改之slave my.cnf文件，重新配置，正常了
Myql 官方解釋：
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/identifier-case-sensitivity.html
簡而言之就是 寫入不區分大小寫
0 --名字對大小寫敏感 ，default
1 - -table name on disk是小寫， 名字對大小寫敏感
2--存儲根據create table or create database 的語句，mysql 查詢的時候轉換小寫，對大小寫不敏感
教訓：
1. replication 方式下的 master /slave的環境配置一致很重要，
2.lower_case_table_names 這類常用參數，應該在database配置的時候設置好了，避免不必要的改動。
發現一個oracle exp的方法不錯，就是用file方式。記錄一下備查
oracle@opensolaris:~$ cat experfstat.par
userid=perfstat/perfstat
owner=perfstat
DIRECT=y
CONSISTENT=y
file=/export/home/oracle/perfstat.dmp
grants=y
indexes=y
oracle@opensolaris:~$
oracle@opensolaris:~$ exp parfile=experfstat.par
Export: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Feb 25 17:55:39 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
Export done in UTF8 character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set
server uses AL32UTF8 character set (possible charset conversion)
. exporting pre-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting foreign function library names for user PERFSTAT
. exporting PUBLIC type synonyms
. exporting private type synonyms
. exporting object type definitions for user PERFSTAT
About to export PERFSTAT's objects ...
. exporting database links
. exporting sequence numbers
. exporting cluster definitions
. about to export PERFSTAT's tables via Direct Path ...
. . exporting table STATS$BG_EVENT_SUMMARY 308 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$BUFFERED_QUEUES 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$BUFFERED_SUBSCRIBERS 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$BUFFER_POOL_STATISTICS 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$CR_BLOCK_SERVER 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$CURRENT_BLOCK_SERVER 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$DATABASE_INSTANCE 1 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$DB_CACHE_ADVICE 294 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$DLM_MISC 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$DYNAMIC_REMASTER_STATS 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$ENQUEUE_STATISTICS 826 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$EVENT_HISTOGRAM 6692 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$FILESTATXS 70 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$FILE_HISTOGRAM 350 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$IDLE_EVENT 70 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$INSTANCE_CACHE_TRANSFER 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$INSTANCE_RECOVERY 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$JAVA_POOL_ADVICE 28 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$LATCH 5348 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$LATCH_CHILDREN 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$LATCH_MISSES_SUMMARY 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$LATCH_PARENT 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$LEVEL_DESCRIPTION 5 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$LIBRARYCACHE 154 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$MUTEX_SLEEP 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$OSSTAT 238 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$OSSTATNAME 17 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$PARAMETER 3696 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$PGASTAT 196 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$PGA_TARGET_ADVICE 196 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$PROCESS_MEMORY_ROLLUP 376 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$PROCESS_ROLLUP 111 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$PROPAGATION_RECEIVER 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$PROPAGATION_SENDER 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$RESOURCE_LIMIT 70 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$ROLLSTAT 154 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$ROWCACHE_SUMMARY 532 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$RULE_SET 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SEG_STAT 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SEG_STAT_OBJ 4 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SESSION_EVENT 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SESSTAT 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SESS_TIME_MODEL 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SGA 56 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SGASTAT 318 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SGA_TARGET_ADVICE 112 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SHARED_POOL_ADVICE 196 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SNAPSHOT 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SQLTEXT 362 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SQL_PLAN 330 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SQL_PLAN_USAGE 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SQL_STATISTICS 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SQL_SUMMARY 885 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SQL_WORKAREA_HISTOGRAM 67 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$STATSPACK_PARAMETER 1 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$STREAMS_APPLY_SUM 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$STREAMS_CAPTURE 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$STREAMS_POOL_ADVICE 0 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SYSSTAT 5180 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SYSTEM_EVENT 798 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$SYS_TIME_MODEL 266 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$TEMPSTATXS 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$TEMP_HISTOGRAM 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$THREAD 14 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$TIME_MODEL_STATNAME 19 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$UNDOSTAT 8 rows exported
. . exporting table STATS$WAITSTAT 252 rows exported
. exporting synonyms
. exporting views
. exporting stored procedures
. exporting operators
. exporting referential integrity constraints
. exporting triggers
. exporting indextypes
. exporting bitmap, functional and extensible indexes
. exporting posttables actions
. exporting materialized views
. exporting snapshot logs
. exporting job queues
. exporting refresh groups and children
. exporting dimensions
. exporting post-schema procedural objects and actions
. exporting statistics
Export terminated successfully without warnings.
oracle@opensolaris:~$
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